Ion recognition properties of 2,2′-bibenzimidazole regulated by ammonium-modified pillar[5]arenes

Abstract

With the increasing issues of environmental degradation and health problem, the selective detection of toxic ions has attracted considerable attention from researchers. Chemical fluorescent sensors with the advantages of facile operation, high sensitivity, rapid response, and easy visualization are emerging as powerful detection tools towards ions. However, the selective recognition of ions is always hindered by the presence of other interfering substances. Herein, we show that supramolecular host–guest interaction based on a pillar[5]arene provides a new opportunity to regulate the ionic recognition properties of guest molecules. A pillar[5]arene-based host–guest complex HG was constructed through the host–guest interaction between ammonium functionalized pillar[5]arene (HAP5) and 2,2′-bibenzimidazole (G). The host–gust complex HG can realize the successive, highly selective, and sensitive detection of specific ions. It was found that only in the presence of HAP5, the sensitivity towards cations was evidently enhanced, and selective successive recognition for I⁻ and HSO₄⁻ was achieved. Those results indicate that the introduction of HAP5 can effectively improve the ion recognition performance of 2,2′-bibenzimidazole, so it is a feasible strategy using supramolecular host–guest interaction to regulate the ionic recognition properties of guest molecules.