Ferrous ions doped layered double hydroxide: smart 2D nanotheranostic platform with imaging-guided synergistic chemo/photothermal therapy for breast cancer

Abstract

Developing simple and efficient nanotheranostic platforms with behavior responsive to the acid microenvironment of a tumor is of great significance for accurate tumor diagnosis and therapy. In this study, a smart 2D nanotheranostic platform has been successfully fabricated by doping functional ferrous ions into as-synthesized MgAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) with doxurubicin (DOX) loading to form Fe-LDH/DOX NPs, which achieved magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided synergistic chemo/photothermal therapy for breast cancer. The doping of ferrous ions into Fe-LDH/DOX enabled a strong photo-induced heating ability with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 45.67%, which could be combined with the antitumor drug DOX to achieve the synergistic effect of photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy for killing tumor cells. Additionally, its in vitro pH-dependent degradation behavior and T₂-weighted MRI effect revealed that the as-prepared Fe-LDH/DOX is sensitive to the tumor acid microenvironment. Most importantly, the growth rate of tumors in 4T1 bearing mice could be effectively inhibited after the synergistic treatment of PTT and chemotherapy by Fe-LDH/DOX. These results show that doping functional metal ions into LDH NPs may open a novel approach to fabricating an LDH NP-based nanotheranostics platform with advanced diagnostic and therapeutic performances.