Interrelated interfacial issues between a Li7La3Zr2O12-based garnet electrolyte and Li anode in the solid-state lithium battery: a review

Abstract

The Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂-based garnet (LLZO-BG) electrolyte has the advantage of strong thermal stability and can, therefore, avoid the flammability problem of organic electrolyte solutions. However, the solid-state lithium battery with LLZO-BG electrolyte has a much larger electrochemical resistance and poorer performance than the battery with an organic electrolyte solution, which is mainly related to the electrolyte/electrode interface. From the perspective of the LLZO-BG/Li interface, this review explores several interrelated interfacial issues, including the air instability of LLZO-BG, poor LLZO-BG/Li interfacial contact, easily generated lithium dendrite and the instability of LLZO-BG with the Li anode. We elaborate on the forming mechanisms, affecting factors and measures for improving these issues, and prospects for the future research directions of the LLZO-BG/Li interface. This review can provide new ideas for producing a solid-state lithium battery with high safety and high energy density.