Issue 18, 2020

Environmentally responsible, safe, and chemoselective catalytic hydrogenation of olefins: ppm level Pd catalysis in recyclable water at room temperature

Abstract

Textbook catalytic hydrogenations are typically presented as reactions done in organic solvents and oftentimes under varying pressures of hydrogen using specialized equipment. Catalysts new and old are all used under similar conditions that no longer reflect the times. By definition, such reactions are both environmentally irresponsible and dangerous, especially at industrial scales. We now report on a general method for chemoselective and safe hydrogenation of olefins in water using ppm loadings of palladium from commercially available, inexpensive, and recyclable Pd/C, together with hydrogen gas utilized at 1 atmosphere. A variety of alkenes is amenable to reduction, including terminal, highly substituted internal, and variously conjugated arrays. In most cases, only 500 ppm of heterogeneous Pd/C is sufficient, enabled by micellar catalysis used in recyclable water at room temperature. Comparison with several newly introduced catalysts featuring base metals illustrates the superiority of chemistry in water.

Graphical abstract: Environmentally responsible, safe, and chemoselective catalytic hydrogenation of olefins: ppm level Pd catalysis in recyclable water at room temperature

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
18 Jun 2020
Accepted
25 Aug 2020
First published
03 Sep 2020

Green Chem., 2020,22, 6055-6061

Author version available

Environmentally responsible, safe, and chemoselective catalytic hydrogenation of olefins: ppm level Pd catalysis in recyclable water at room temperature

B. S. Takale, R. R. Thakore, E. S. Gao, F. Gallou and B. H. Lipshutz, Green Chem., 2020, 22, 6055 DOI: 10.1039/D0GC02087G

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