Issue 13, 2019

Hydroboration of terminal olefins with pinacolborane catalyzed by new 2-iminopyrrolyl iron(ii) complexes

Abstract

Four paramagnetic 14-electron tetracoordinated Fe(II) complexes of 5-substituted-2-iminopyrrolyl ligands of the type [Fe{κ2N,N′-5-R-NC4H2-2-C(H)[double bond, length as m-dash]N(2,6-iPr2-C6H3)}(Py)Cl], with R = 2,6-Me2-C6H3 (1a), 2,4,6-iPr3-C6H2 (1b), 2,4,6-Ph3-C6H3 (1c) and CPh3 (1d), were synthesized in moderate yields by reacting the respective 5-substituted-2-iminopyrrolyl potassium salts KLa-d with FeCl2(Py)4 in toluene. Complexes 1a–d were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR spectroscopies, elemental analysis and by the Evans method, the corresponding effective magnetic moments showing a high-spin electronic nature. X-ray diffraction studies on complexes 1a and 1c showed distorted tetrahedral coordination geometries. Complexes 1a–c, activated with K(HBEt3), were efficient catalyst systems for the hydroboration of several terminal alkenes with pinacolborane in good to high yields (50–90%). This system mainly yielded the respective anti-Markovnikov addition products, except when styrenes were used. A screening of the hydroboration of styrene catalyzed by complexes 1a–c activated with K(HBEt3) showed that the selectivity in the Markovnikov product increased with increasing steric bulkiness of the R group, exhibiting selectivities up to 91%. Additionally, the stoichiometric reaction of complex 1b with K(HBEt3) over 30 minutes yielded the mixture of hydride species 2 and 22 (mixture I). On the other hand, when reacting the same components over 16 h, the Fe(I) complex 3 was also identified in the mixture, in addition to 2 + 22 (mixture II). These mixtures were characterized in solution by the Evans method and in the solid state by elemental analysis, 57Fe Mössbauer and FTIR spectroscopies, compounds 22 and 3 being also analyzed by X-ray diffraction. These results suggest that the corresponding catalytic cycle follows the borane oxidative addition route to a Fe(I) species.

Graphical abstract: Hydroboration of terminal olefins with pinacolborane catalyzed by new 2-iminopyrrolyl iron(ii) complexes

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
10 Nov 2018
Accepted
15 May 2019
First published
16 May 2019

Catal. Sci. Technol., 2019,9, 3347-3360

Hydroboration of terminal olefins with pinacolborane catalyzed by new 2-iminopyrrolyl iron(II) complexes

T. F. C. Cruz, L. C. J. Pereira, J. C. Waerenborgh, L. F. Veiros and P. T. Gomes, Catal. Sci. Technol., 2019, 9, 3347 DOI: 10.1039/C8CY02319K

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