Dehydrocoupling of dimethylamine borane by titanocene: elucidation of ten years of inconsistency between theoretical and experimental descriptions

Abstract

More than ten years ago, Manners and coworkers published the first experimental study on the efficiency of titanocene to catalyze the dehydrocoupling of dimethylamine borane (DMAB, T. Clark, C. Russell and I. Manners, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2006, 128, 9582–9583). Several experimental investigations have shown that a two-step mechanism leads to the formation of a cyclic diborazane (Me₂N–BH₂)₂via the linear diborazane (HNMe₂–BH₂–NMe₂–BH₃). This finding stood in contradiction to the following theoretical investigations of the reaction pathway. Herein, using dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT-D), we propose an energetically favored reaction mechanism in perfect agreement with the experimental findings. It is shown that van der Waals interactions play a prominent role in the reaction pathway. The formation of 3-center 2-electron interactions, classical dihydrogen bonds, and non-classical dihydrogen bonds was identified with the help of topological and localized orbital approaches.