Issue 45, 2017

High capacity potassium-ion battery anodes based on black phosphorus

Abstract

Potassium-ion batteries are a new class of high voltage electrochemical energy storage cells that may potentially complement or replace lithium-ion batteries in many applications. Graphite is considered as a prospective anode material for these batteries but its demonstrated capacity is only 270 mA h g−1. This manuscript studies a novel type of nanocomposite anodes based on black phosphorus as their main active component, with a much higher capacity in potassium-ion batteries. These anode materials are able to deliver a first cycle capacity as high as 617 mA h g−1, more than twice the capacity of graphite in potassium cells. Quick depotassiation is achievable in the electrodes under certain conditions. Based on the data of X-ray diffraction analysis, it is proposed that black phosphorus operates via an alloying–dealloying mechanism with potassium and the end product of the electrochemical transformation is a KP alloy (implying a theoretical capacity of 843 mA h g−1 for phosphorus in potassium cells). This work emphasizes the feasibility of potassium-ion battery anode materials with high gravimetric capacities, comparable with those of high capacity anode materials for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries.

Graphical abstract: High capacity potassium-ion battery anodes based on black phosphorus

Associated articles

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
21 Mar 2017
Accepted
06 Oct 2017
First published
06 Oct 2017

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017,5, 23506-23512

High capacity potassium-ion battery anodes based on black phosphorus

I. Sultana, M. M. Rahman, T. Ramireddy, Y. Chen and A. M. Glushenkov, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, 5, 23506 DOI: 10.1039/C7TA02483E

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