Deceleration of supersonic beams using inhomogeneous electric and magnetic fields

Abstract

Methods for the production of cold atomic and molecular samples relying on the deceleration of pulsed supersonic beams are described and a review of the corresponding literature is presented. These methods include multistage Stark deceleration, multistage Zeeman deceleration, and Rydberg–Stark deceleration. Recent applications of the cold samples produced with these techniques are summarized.