Shape-controlled synthesis of silver crystals mediated by imidazolium-based ionic liquids

Abstract

This work presents an approach toward the shape-controlled synthesis of Ag crystals with hierarchical structures by exploitation of ionic liquids (ILs) as a shape-regulating agent. The synthesis of Ag crystals involves the reduction of AgNO₃ by EG in the presence of ILs, specifically 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate (bmim-MeSO₄). In accordance with non-classical crystallization growth mechanism, the primary Ag nanoparticles were formed at the early stage of the reaction, and then self-organized into 1D or 3D Ag superstructures via an IL-mediated self-assembly process. Their final morphologies were strongly dependent on the reaction conditions such as the concentration of ILs in the reaction mixture and the reaction temperature, which suggests that ILs play an important role in controlling the shape of the Ag crystals.