Applications of modern micro-Raman spectroscopy for cell analyses

Abstract

Raman spectroscopy assesses the chemical composition of a sample by exploiting the inherent and unique vibrational chacteristics of chemical bonds. Initial applications of Raman were identified in the industrial and chemical sectors, providing a rapid non-invasive method to identify sample components or perform quality control assessments. Applications have since increased and sample sizes decreased, leading to the onset of micro-Raman spectroscopy. Coupling with microscopy enabled label-free sample analysis and the unveiling of total chemical composition. Latter adaptations of Raman have advanced into biomedical diagnostics and research. Alongside technical developments in filter systems and detectors, spectral peak intensities and improved signal-to-noise ratios have facilitated target molecule measurement within a variety of samples. Quantitative sample analysis applications of Raman have contributed to its increasing popularity. Through these exceptional capabilites, potential Raman spectroscopy utility in biomedical research applications has expanded, exemplifying why there is continued interest in this highly sensitive and often under-used technique.