Fine tuning between organic and inorganic host structure: new trends in layered double hydroxide hybrid assemblies

Abstract

Driven by the scientific challenges involved in the creation of nanostructures providing access to new materials with unusual properties, the study of hybrid materials based on Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) has developed considerably during the last decade. This feature article is intended to give a broad overview of organic–inorganic hybrid assemblies based on LDH materials including their synthesis and characterization, and pointing out their potential applications. The LDH interlayer gap supplies an interesting, constrained environment arising from the anisotropic accommodation of the guest molecule at the nanoscale. Particularly, this article underlines the importance of compatibility between the two components, i.e. the organic and inorganic parts, in terms of charge distribution and molecular size for the polymerization process of interleaved molecules. Exfoliation and staging phenomena are also described. Through several examples of the shape and function of interlayer organic anions, hybrid LDH materials are described for their potential properties in optic devices, as drug delivery systems, and also as nano- and macro-fillers in polymer nanocomposites and cements, respectively. Eventually, LDH hybrid materials merge into even more complex systems for which topical applications are listed.