Modified microelectrodes and multivariate calibration for flow injection amperometric simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, dopamine, epinephrine and dipyrone

Abstract

Flow injection amperometric quantification of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), epinephrine (EP) and dipyrone (DI) in mixtures (in the μg g⁻¹ range) was successfully performed by using an array of microelectrodes with units modified by the electrodeposition of different noble metals, together with multivariate calibration analysis. The four groups of microelectrodes utilized included a pure gold electrode and electrodes modified by electrodeposition of platinum, palladium or a mixture of platinum + palladium. The array of microelectrodes was inserted in a flow cell and the amperometric data acquisition was performed with a four-channel potentiostat. The analysis of the resulting signals was carried out by a multivariate calibration method, using a group of 16 standard mixtures selected by a two-level factorial design. The analysis of synthetic samples and pharmaceutical compounds containing AA and DI led to very similar values to those obtained by the classical iodimetric analysis. The average absolute errors (in μg g⁻¹) calculated for each analyte were 0.3, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.4 for AA, DA, EP and DI, respectively.