DOI: 10.1039/A904818I
(Paper)
Reference Section for: J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1999, 1847-1853
Estimation of electronic effects in aromatic systems
(Note: The full text of this document is currently only available in the PDF Version )
Arne Brändström
Abstract
A critical examination of the use of Hammett’s σ(X) values is presented. The problems due to the possible existence of two forms of benzoic acids have been discussed as well as the problems with resonance. A parameter σ′(X)m being valid only for meta substituents, is the only parameter that can be recommended for general use. For local use the ΔB, ΔPh, and ΔAn values, defined in this study, are recommended.
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