The effect of alkan-1-ols addition on the structural ordering and morphology of mesoporous silicate MCM-41

Abstract

The effects of adding alkan-1-ols to surfactant-silicate gels during the synthesis of mesoporous silica MCM-41 are reported. Upon adding an optimal amount of medium carbon chain length alkan-1-ols (C_mH_2m+1OH, C_mOH; m≥4) to quaternary ammonium halides C_nH_2n+1TMAX (n=10-14, C_nTMAX, X=Br or Cl)-silicate systems, a marked improvement in the hexagonal order and the morphology of the synthesized MCM-41 materials was found. The optimal amount of added C_mH_2m+1OH for the formation of well ordered hexagonal structure was found to decrease with increasing carbon chain length of the C_nH_2n+1TMAX surfactant and C_mH_2m+1OH. However, when an excessive amount of alcohol is added, the mesostructure obtained from the longer carbon chain length C_nH_2n+1TMAX-silicate (n≥12) systems becomes lamellar. The addition of C_mOH (m≥4) offers a new synthetic approach to form lamellar-hexagonal liquid crystal intermediates necessary for synthesizing tubules-within-tubule (TWT) hierarchical structures whose morphology and size can be controlled by varying the water content and the C_mH_2m+1OH/surfactant ratio.

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