Intrinsic instability of Fe⁴⁺ in electrochemically oxidized ramsdellite and orthorhombic Li_1–xH_xFeO₂

Abstract

The cathodic materials r-Li_0.8H_0.2FeO₂ (ramsdellite-type) and o-Li_0.7H_0.3FeO₂ (orthorhombic form) were synthesized in an autoclave by reaction of iron oxohydroxides with lithium ethoxide in anhydrous ethanol. The compositions of the phases were determined both by means of elemental analyses and density measurements. The crystal structures of r-Li_0.8H_0.2FeO₂ and o-Li_0.7H_0.3FeO₂ were determined by the Rietveld method. The powders were made of homogeneously distributed submicronic needles. Electrochemical tests of the Li_1–xH_xFeO₂/Li systems were carried out along with X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The results from all the physical techniques employed taken together showed the instability of Fe⁴⁺ formed during the recharge of the Li_1–xH_xFeO₂ materials, forbidding cycling on the Fe⁴⁺/Fe³⁺ electrochemical couple.

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