Na-4-mica: Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, Mn²⁺ and Zn²⁺ ion exchange

Abstract

Selective cation exchange for divalent transition metals of Cd, Ni, Co, Mn and Zn has been investigated with the high-charge-density sodium fluorophlogopite mica, Na-4-mica. The Na-4-mica was easily and economically prepared by the crystallization from a mixture of NaF, MgO and metakaolin, the latter serves as an inexpensive aluminosilicate source. Ion exchange isotherms for Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, Mn²⁺ and Zn²⁺ were obtained at room temperature and the thermodynamic functions of the ion exchange equilibria were calculated. The 2Na⁺→M²⁺ exchange with the Na-4-mica showed the following selectivity: Zn²⁺>Ni²⁺≈Co²⁺≈Cd²⁺>Mn²⁺. The interlayer structure of the hydrated Na-4-mica with the open interlayer space in the range 12.1-13.9 Å was retained during the ion-exchange reaction, indicating the possibility of the reversible 2Na⁺⇄M²⁺ exchange. The basic selective cation exchange studies of the high-charge-density ion exchanger are of relevance in recovery of metals from waste solution, and waste water treatment and disposal.

References

1. R. M. Barrer, Zeolites and Clay Minerals as Sorbents and Molecular Sieves, Academic Press, London, 1978, p. 497.
2. D. W. Breck, Zeolite Molecular Sieves—Structures, Chemistry, and Use, Wiley, New York, 1974, p. 771.
3. Y. Marcus and A. S. Kertes, Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction of Metal Complexes, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1969, p. 1037.
4. J. M. Kerr, Bull. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1954, 38, 374.
5. W. J. Lacy, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1954, 46, 1061.
6. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Tech. Rep. Ser., 136, IAEA, Vienna, 1972.
7. R. E. Grim, Clay Mineralogy, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2nd edn., 1968, pp. 188, 104.
8. Y. Morikawa, T. Goto, Y. Mora-Oka and T. Ikawa, Chem. Lett., 1988, 1667.
9. J. W. Johnson, J. F. Brody, R. M. Alexander, L. N. Yacullo and C. F. Klein, Chem. Mater., 1993, 5, 36.
10. M. Gregorkiewitz, J. F. Alcover, J. A. Rausell-Colom and J. M. Serratosa, 2eme Reunion des Groupes Europeens d'Argiles, Strasbourg, 1974, p. 64.
11. W. J. Paulus, S. Komarneni and R. Roy, Nature (London), 1992, 357, 571.
12. S. Komarneni, W. J. Paulus and R. Roy, in New Development in Ion Exchange; Proc. Int. Conf. Ion Exchange, 1991, p. 51.
13. K. R. Franklin and E. Lee, J. Mater. Chem., 1996, 6, 109.
14. S. Komarneni, R. Pidugu and J. E. Amonette, J. Mater. Chem., 1998, 8, 205.
15. R. M. Barrer and J. Klinowski, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 1974, 70, 2080.
16. F. Helfferich, Ion Exchange, Daver, New York, 1995, pp. 170, 185.
17. J. Kielland, J. Soc. Chem. Ind., 1935, 54, 232T.
18. E. Ekedahl, E. Högfeldt and L. G. Sillén, Acta Chem. Scand., 1950, 4, 556.
19. G. L. Gaines Jr. and H. C. Thomas, J. Chem. Phys., 1953, 21, 714.
20. M. Tsuji, H. Kaneko and Y. Tamaura, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1993, 89, 851.
21. Y. Tanaka and M. Tsuji, Mater. Res. Bull., 1997, 32, 461.
22. R. M. Barrer and J. D. Falconer, Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A, 1956, 236, 227.
23. R. M. Barrer, Natural Zeolites, Occurrence, Properties and Use, Pergamon, Oxford, 1978, p. 385.