Detection of chlorophenolics in effluents from bleaching processes of rice-straw pulp

(Note: The full text of this document is currently only available in the PDF Version )

C. Sharma and S. Kumar


Abstract

A number of chlorinated derivatives of phenols, catechols, guaiacols, syringaldehydes, have been detected and their concentrations estimated, using gas chromatography in the chlorination (C) and extraction (E) stage of spent bleach liquor generated in the laboratory by bleaching rice-straw soda pulp. The concentration of various compounds detected have also been compared with their reported 96LC50 values.


References

  1. R. H. Voss, J. T. Wearing, R. D. Mortimer, T. Kovaks and A. Wong, Paper Puu, 1980, 62(12), 809 Search PubMed.
  2. K. Lindstrom and J. Nordin, J. Chromatogr., 1976, 128, 13 CrossRef CAS.
  3. A. Sodergren, Symposium preprints, 2nd IAWPRC symposium on forest waste water, Biological treatment and environmental effects of pulp and paper industry waste water, Tempere, Finland, June 9–12, 1987 Search PubMed.
  4. L. Suntio, W. Y. Shiu and D. A. Mackay, Chemosphere, 1988, 17(7), 1249 CAS.
  5. K. P. Kringstad and A. B. Mckague, TAPPI/CPPA International Pulp Bleaching Conference Proceeding, Orlando, June 5–9, 1988, 63 Search PubMed.
  6. K. P. Kringstad and K. Lindstrom, Environ. Sci. Technol., 1984, 18(8), 236A.
  7. J. Knuutinen, J. Chromatogr., 1982, 248, 289 CrossRef CAS.
  8. R. H. Voss and A. Rapsomatiotis, J. Chromatogr., 1985, 346, 205 CrossRef CAS.
  9. C. C. Walden and T. E. Howard, Tappi, 1977, 60(1), 122 Search PubMed.
  10. I. H. Rogers, J. C. Davis, G. M. Kruzynski, H. W. Mahood, J. A. Servizi and R. W. Gordon, Tappi, 1975, 58(7), 136 Search PubMed.
  11. B. Holmbom, R. H. Voss, R. D. Mortimer and A. Wong, Environ. Sci. Technol., 1984, 18(5), 333 CAS.
  12. D. W. Reeve and P. F. Earl, Pulp Pap. Can., 1989, 90(4), 128 Search PubMed.
  13. R. Crooks and J. Sikes, Appita, 1990, 43(1), 67 Search PubMed.
  14. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater, American Public Health Association, Washington, DC, 16th edn., 1985 Search PubMed.
  15. K. Abrahamsson and T. M. Xie, J. Chromatogr., 1983, 279, 199 CrossRef CAS.
  16. J. M. Harkin, in Chemistry and Biochemistry of Herbage, ed. G. W. Butler and R. W. Bailey, Academic Press, New York, 1973, vol. 1, ch. 7 Search PubMed.
  17. Environment Management in Pulp and Paper, UNEP-Industry and Environment Manual Series 1981, vol. 1, pp. I–59 and I–64 Search PubMed.
  18. L. Landner, L. Lindestrom and O. Linden, Review of today's knowledge, IVL-Pub., 1977, NM-80 Search PubMed.
  19. M. Waldichuk, Can. Fish Cult., 1962, 31, 3 Search PubMed.
  20. S. A. Heimburger, S. B. Daniel, H. B. Joseph and D. G. Paul, Tappi, 1988, 71(10), 69 Search PubMed.
Click here to see how this site uses Cookies. View our privacy policy here.