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DOI: 10.1039/A903292D (Paper) Reference Section for: J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 1999, 3177-3183

The molecular and crystal structures of the tris(dimethylamino)phosphoranes (Me2N)3P–X (X = BH3, CH2, NH or O)

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Norbert W. Mitzel and Christian Lustig

Abstract

Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies and ab initio calculations up to the MP2/6-31G* level of theory were carried out for the isoelectronic compounds (Me2N)3PBH3, (Me2N)3PNH and (Me2N)3PO. The calculations predict all three compounds to adopt Cs symmetry in the ground state. The alternative geometries with local or total C3 symmetry also correspond to local minima on the potential hypersurface. In the solid state (Me2N)3PBH3 and (Me2N)3PNH do not obey exact Cs symmetry, but are close to it, while (Me2N)3PO shows crystallographic mirror symmetry. The structural data are compared with earlier studies on (Me2N)3PCH2 and the free phosphine P(NMe2)3, which both are also almost Cs symmetric. In the series (Me2N)3P–X (X = BH3, CH2, NH or O) the P–X bond lengths decrease, the P–N (pseudo) in plane distances are 1.683(1), 1.698(4), 1.677(1) and 1.659(1) Å, the (pseudo) out of plane P–N distances are (av. = average) 1.654(av.), 1.668(av.), 1.656(av.) and 1.649(1) Å. The (pseudo) in plane angles X–P–N are 114.9(1), 122.4(4), 120.2(1) and 118.7(1)°, while the (pseudo) out of plane angles X–P–N are 112.3(av.), 110.0(av.), 110.4(av.) and 110.0(av.)°. In all structures the NMe2 groups in the (pseudo) plane of symmetry are steeply pyramidal at nitrogen, while the (pseudo) out of plane NMe2 groups are markedly flattened. The other structural parameters are also discussed in comparison. Ab initio calculations (MP2/6-31G*) on the isoelectronic (Me2N)3PF+ predict this system to favour C3 over Cs symmetry. In contrast, the parent system (H2N)3PF+ is predicted to prefer Cs symmetry.

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