Ru(bpy)3-based artificial receptors toward a protein surface: selective binding and efficient photoreduction of cytochrome c

(Note: The full text of this document is currently only available in the PDF Version )

Hiroshi Takashima, Seiji Shinkai and Itaru Hamachi


Abstract

The binding properties of a series of Ru(bpy)3 complexes to cytochrome c are described; these compounds act as selective cytochrome c receptors and one derivatie is shown to be a photodriven modulator of the cytochrome c redox state.


References

  1. For example, (a) H. S. Park, Q. Lin and A. D. Hamilton, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 8 CrossRef CAS; (b) Y. Hamuro, M. C. Calama, H. S. Park and A. D. Hamilton, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1997, 36, 2680 CrossRef CAS and references cited therein.
  2. I. Hamachi, A. Fujita and T. Kunitake, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 119, 9096 CrossRef CAS.
  3. (a) I. Hamachi, S. Tanaka and S. Shinkai, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115, 10458 CrossRef CAS; (b) S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 1587 CrossRef CAS; (c) I. Hamachi, S. Tsukiji, S. Shinkai and S. Oishi, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 5500 CrossRef CAS; (d) Y.-Z. Hu, S. Tsukiji, S. Shinkai and I. Hamachi, Chem. Lett., 1999, 517 CrossRef CAS.
  4. (a) G. R. Newkome, X. Lin and J. K. Young, Synlett, 1992, 53 CrossRef CAS; (b) J. Issberner, F. Vögtle, L. D. Cola and V. Balzani, Chem. Eur. J., 1997, 3, 706 CrossRef CAS; (c) G. R. Newkome, R. Güther, C. N. Moorefield, F. Cardullo, L. Echegoyen, E. Perez-Cordero and H. Luftmann, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1995, 34, 2023 CrossRef CAS; (d) P. J. Dandliker, F. Diederich, M. Gross, C. B. Knober, A. Louati and E. M. Sanford, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1994, 33, 1739 CrossRef.
  5. This value is almost comparable to that of similar compounds, such as dendritic Ru(bpy)3 under anaerobic conditions (1940 ns) see ref. 4 (b).
  6. (a) P.-A. Albertsson, S. Sasakawa and H. Walter, Nature, 1970, 228, 1329 CAS; (b) P. D. Barker, J. L. Butler, P. de Oliveria, H. Allen, O. Hill and N. I. Hunt, Inorg. Chim. Acta, 1996, 252, 71 CrossRef CAS.
  7. (a) P. L. Drake, R. T. Hartson, J. McGinnis and A. G. Sykes, Inorg. Chem., 1989, 28, 1361 CrossRef CAS; (b) G. J. Kavarnos and N. J. Turro, Chem. Rev., 1986, 86, 401 CrossRef CAS; (c) I. M. Kolthoff and W. J. Tomsicek, J. Phys. Chem., 1935, 39, 945 CrossRef.
  8. Although the redox potentials of 1a–c have not been determined thus far, it was reported that the presence of amide groups at the 4 and 4′ positions of bpy positively shifts the redox potential of both *Ru2+/Ru3+ and Ru2+/Ru3+. Still, this ET reaction seems favorable, since the potential shift was reported to be within only 0.3–0.4 V; see V. Skarda, M. J. Cook, A. P. Lewis, G. S. G. McAuliffe, A. J. Thomson and D. J. Robbins, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1984, 1309 Search PubMed Details are now under way in our laboratory.
  9. No obvious effect on the photoreduction was seen in the control experiments; (i) in the absence of Ru(bpy)3 derivatives and (ii) under dark conditions.
  10. D. J. Pietrzyk and C. W. Frank, Analytical Chemistry, Academic Press, London, 1974, p. 435 Search PubMed.
  11. The kET between a Ru(bpy)3, Ru(bpy)3-based dendrimer and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate anion (AQ2–) were recently obtained by similar titration experiments of lifetimes, i.e. kET= 1.2 × 1010 M–1 s–1 for Ru(bpy)3 and kET= 2.7 × 109 M–1 s–1 for the Ru(bpy)3-based dendrimer; see F. Vögtle, M. Plevoets, M. Nieger, G. C. Azzellini, A. Credi, I. D. Cola, V. D. Marchis, M. Venturi and V. Balzani, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 6290 Search PubMed.
  12. The emission lifetimes of the Ru complexes gradually become shortened by addition of Cyt-c, but the changes for 1b and 1c are saturated at low concentrations of Cyt-c.
Click here to see how this site uses Cookies. View our privacy policy here.