Localization of copper atoms in the structure of the ZnO catalyst for methanol synthesis

(Note: The full text of this document is currently only available in the PDF Version )

Dmitrij O. Klenov, Galina N. Kryukova and Lyudmila M. Plyasova


Abstract

The microstructure of a copper–zinc oxide catalyst for methanol synthesis has been studied using high resolution electron microscopy. Two alternatives for the arrangement of copper atoms in the zinc oxide crystallite were suggested and discussed. The high concentration of copper atoms in the sample (up to 10 atom%) against the known solubility of Cu2+ ions in ZnO (not more than 2 atom%), as well as the high density of dislocations seen in micrographs of the catalyst, may be accounted for by the occurrence of octahedral copper atom clusters of 0.25 nm radius built up into the host oxide lattice. These clusters lie at the dislocation wall along the (001) plane of ZnO. Copper atoms were also shown to be involved in isolated square planar CuO clusters not more than 0.5–1 nm in size.


References

  1. J. C. J. Bart and R. P. A. Sneeden, Catal. Today, 1987, 2, 1 CrossRef CAS.
  2. J. Nakamura, T. Uchijima, Y. Kanai and T. Fujitani, Catal. Today, 1996, 28, 223 CrossRef CAS.
  3. G. Fierro, M. Lo Jacono, M. Inversi, P. Porta, F. Cioci and R. Lavecchia, Appl. Catal. A, 1996, 137, 327 CrossRef CAS.
  4. Y. Kanai, T. Watanabe, T. Fujitani, M. Saito, J. Nakamura and T. Uchijima, Catal. Lett., 1994, 27, 67 CAS.
  5. F. Boccuzzi and A. Chiorino, J. Phys. Chem., 1996, 100, 3617 CrossRef CAS.
  6. G. K. Tohju, Y. Udagawa, T. Mizushima and A. Ueno, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 5671 CrossRef CAS.
  7. K. Klier, Adv. Catal., 1982, 31, 243 CAS.
  8. S. Mehta, G. W. Simmons, K. Klier and R. G. German, J. Catal., 1979, 57, 339 CAS.
  9. V. F. Anufrienko, T. M. Yurieva and F. Hadjieva, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 1984, 27, 201.
  10. P. Goodman and A. F. Moodie, Acta Crystallogr., Sect. A, 1974, 30, 280 CrossRef.
  11. JCPDS data file no. 36-1451.
  12. A. W. Castleman and K. H. Bowen, J. Phys. Chem., 1996, 100, 12911 CrossRef.
  13. D. M. Smirnov, Zur. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 1995, 107, 2080 Search PubMed (in Russian).
  14. K. Suzuki and S. Takeuchi, Proc. 5th Asia-Pacific Electron Microscopy Conference, Beijing, China, 1992, ed. K. H. Kuo and Z. H. Zhai, World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, New Jersey, London, Hong Kong, 1992, vol. 1, p. 292 Search PubMed.
  15. J.-L. Li, X.-G. Zhang and T. Inui, Appl. Catal. A, 1996, 147, 23 CrossRef CAS.
  16. G. S. Litvak, T. P. Minyukova, M. P. Demeshkina, L. M. Plyasova and T. M. Yurieva, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 1986, 31, 403 CAS.
Click here to see how this site uses Cookies. View our privacy policy here.