The synthesis and characterisation of hyperbranched poly(diethyl3-hydroxyglutarate)

(Note: The full text of this document is currently only available in the PDF Version )

W. James Feast, Lesley M. Hamilton, Lois J. Hobson and Steve P. Rannard


Abstract

Hyperbranched aliphatic polyesters derived from the AB2 monomer diethyl 3-hydroxyglutarate in the presence of titanium(iv) butoxide are reported. The oligomeric products were characterised by GPC, NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The degree of branching, molecular weights and the possibility of intramolecular cyclisation reactions have been evaluated. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was used to quantify the extent of possible side reactions, particularly those resulting from alkoxide exchange with the catalyst.


References

  1. D. A. Tomalia, D. M. Hedstrand and L. R. Wilson, Encyclopaedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Wiley, Chichester, 1990, 2nd edn., Index vol., p.46 Search PubMed.
  2. J. M. J. Fréchet and C. J. Hawker, Comprehensive Polymer Science, 2nd suppl., ed. S. L. Agarawal and S. Russo, Pergamon, Oxford, 1996, ch. 3 Search PubMed.
  3. L. J. Hobson and R. M. Harrison, Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Chem., 1997, 2(6), 683 Search PubMed.
  4. C. J. Hawker and J. M. J. Fréchet, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 7638 CrossRef CAS.
  5. E. M. M. de Brabander-van den berg, A. Nijenhuis, M. Mure, J. Keulen, R. Reintjens, F. Vandenbooren, B. Bosman, R. Denaat, T. Frijins, S. V. D. Wal, M. Castelijns, J. Put and E. W. Meijer, Macromol. Symp., 1994, 77, 51 CAS.
  6. A. Hult and E. Malmström, J. M. S. -Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys. C, 1997, 37, 555 Search PubMed.
  7. C. J. Hawker and J. M. J. Fréchet, Am. Chem. Soc. Symp., 1996, 624, 132 Search PubMed.
  8. C. J. Hawker, E. Malmström, C. W. Frank, J. P. Kampf, C. Mio and J. Prausnitz, Proc. Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Polym. Mater.: Sci. Eng., Las Vegas, 1997, 77, 61 Search PubMed.
  9. E. Malmström, A. Hult, U. W. Gedde, F. Liu and R. H. Boyd, Polymer, 1997, 38(19), 4873 CrossRef CAS.
  10. Y. H. Kim and O. W. Webster, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1980, 112, 4592.
  11. H. Mourey, S. R. Turner, M. Rubinstein, J. M. J. Fréchet, C. J. Hawker and K. L. Wooley, Macromolecules, 1992, 25, 2401 CrossRef CAS.
  12. L. J. Hobson and W. J. Feast, Chem. Commun., 1997, 2067 RSC.
  13. J. M. J. Fréchet, M. Hemni, I. Gitsov, S. Aoshima, M. Leduc and R. B. Grubbs, Science, 1995, 269, 1080 CrossRef CAS.
  14. S. G. Gaynor, S. Edelman and K. Matyjaszewski, Macromolecules, 1996, 29, 1079 CrossRef CAS.
  15. H. R. Kricheldorf, Q.-Z. Zhang and G. Schwarz, Polymer, 1982, 23, 1821 CAS.
  16. C. J. Hawker, R. Lee and J. M. J. Fréchet, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 4583 CrossRef CAS.
  17. D. Holter and H. Frey, Acta Polymerica, 1997, 48, 30 CrossRef.
  18. V. Percec, P. Chu and M. Kawasumi, Macromolecules, 1994, 27, 4441 CrossRef CAS.
  19. F. Chu, C. J. Hawker, P. J. Pomery and D. J. T. Hill, J. Poly. Sci. Part A, Polym. Chem., 1997, 35, 1627 Search PubMed.
  20. W. J. Feast, A. J. Keeney, A. M. Kenwright and D. Parker, Chem. Commun., 1997, 1749 RSC.
  21. E. Malmström and A. Hult, Macromolecules, 1995, 28, 1698 CrossRef.
  22. Comprehensive Polymer Science, vol. 5: Step Polymerization, ed. G. C. Eastmond, A. Ledwith, A. Russo and P. Sigwalt, PergamonOxford, 1989, ch. 17 Search PubMed.
  23. L. M. Hamilton, PhD Thesis, University of Durham, 1996.
  24. P. J. Flory, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 2718 CrossRef CAS.
  25. K. Martin, J. Spickermann, H. J. Rader and K. Mullen, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 1996, 10, 1471 CrossRef CAS.
  26. C. Jackson, B. Larson and C. McEwan, Anal. Chem., 1996, 68, 1303 CrossRef CAS.
  27. L. J. Hobson, A. M. Kenwright and W. J. Feast, Chem. Commun., 1997, 1877 RSC.
  28. A. T. Jackson, H. T. Yates, W. A. MacDonald, J. H. Scrivens, G. Critchley, J. Brown, M. J. Deery, K. R. Jennings and C. Brookes, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 1997, 8, 132 CrossRef CAS.
Click here to see how this site uses Cookies. View our privacy policy here.