Multi-residue analysis of penicillin residues in porcine tissue using matrix solid phase dispersion†

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop a multi-residue method for the analysis of penicillins in animal tissue. Matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) was employed to extract the residues and the extracts were then cleaned-up by C₁₈ solid phase extraction (SPE). Pre-column derivatisation using acetic anhydride and 1,2,4-triazole in the presence of mercuric chloride was employed to allow detection at 325 nm. Gradient elution was required to elute amoxicillin, ampicillin, penicillin G, cloxacillin and dicloxacillin derivatives from a C₁₈ reversed phase column using phosphate buffer–acetonitrile mobile phase. The developed method had a limit of detection of 20 ng g^–1 and had recoveries in the range 40–90% for the 5 drugs in samples fortified at 40 and 200 ng g^–1; the maximum residue limits (MRLs) for these drugs were in the range of 50–300 ng g^–1 (ppb).

References

1. R. Bogaerts and F. Wolf, Fleischwirtsch., 1980, 60, 672.
2. W. Moats, in Analysis of Antibiotic/Drug Residues in Food Products of Animal Origin, ed. V. Agarwal, Plenum Press, New York, 1992, p. 133.
3. E. Usleber, M. Lober, M. Straka, G. Terplan and E. Martlbauer, Analyst, 1994, 119, 2765.
4. J. Boison, C. Salisbury, W. Chan and J. MacNeil, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 1991, 74, 497.
5. E. Verdon and P. Couedor, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 1996, 14, 1201.
6. C. Ang and W. Luo, J. AOAC Int., 1997, 80, 25.
7. J. Tarbin, W. Farrington and G. Shearer, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1995, 318, 95.
8. K. Tyczkowska, R. Voyksner and A. Aronson, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 490, 101.
9. D. Fletouris, J. Psomas and A. Mantis, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1992, 40, 617.
10. W. Moats, J. Chromatogr., 1984, 317, 311.
11. R. Munns, W. Shimoda, J. Roybal and C. Vieira, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 1985, 68, 968.
12. M. Rose, J. Tarbin, W. Farrington and G. Shearer, Food Add. Contam., 1997, 14, 127.
13. J. Haginaka and J. Wakai, Analyst, 1985, 110, 1277.
14. W. Moats, J. AOAC Int., 1994, 77, 41.
15. W. Moats and R. Harik-Khan, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 1995, 78, 49.
16. E. Zomer, J. Quintana, S. Saul and S. Charm, J. AOAC Int., 1995, 78, 1165.
17. K. Tyczkowska, R. Voyksner, R. Straub and A. Aronson, J. AOAC Int., 1994, 77, 1122.
18. K. Berger and M. Petz, Deutsche Lebensm.-Rundschau., 1991, 87, 137.
19. S. Barker, A. Long and C. Short, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 475, 112.
20. J. Boison, L. Keng and J. MacNeil, J. AOAC Int., 1994, 77, 565.
21. H. Bundgaard, Tetrahedron Lett., 1971, 48, 4613.
22. J. Haginaka, J. Wakai, H. Yasuda and T. Uno, Anal. Sci., 1985, 1, 73.