Determination of sulfite in sugar and sulfur dioxide in air by chemiluminescence using the Ru(bipy)₃²⁺–KBrO₃ system

Abstract

A chemiluminescence (CL) detection method for the determination of sulfite using the reaction of Ru(bipy)₃²⁺ (bipy = 2,2′-bipyridyl)–SO₃^2––KBrO₃ is described. The concentration of sulfite is proportional to the CL intensity in the range 2.5 × 10^–8–9.5 × 10^–5 mol l^–1. The limit of detection is 3.8 × 10^–9 mol l^–1 and the relative standard deviation is 4.6% for 5 × 10^–5 mol l^–1 sulfite solution with nine repeated measurements. This method was successfully applied to the determination of sulfite in sugar and sulfur dioxide in air by using triethanolamine as the absorbent material.

References

1. L. G. Decnop-Weever and J. C. Kraak, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1997, 337, 125.
2. M. Pandurangappa and N. Balasubramanian, Analusis, 1996, 24, 225.
3. C.-Y. Chiou and T.-C. Chou, Electroanalysis, 1996, 8, 1179.
4. I. Ibrahim, Y. Cemal and B. Humeyra, Analyst, 1996, 121, 1873.
5. N. Ekkad and C. O. Huber, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1996, 332, 155.
6. A. Lavigne-Delcroix, D. Tusseau and M. Proix, Sci. Aliments, 1996, 16, 267.
7. J. Rethmeier, A. Rabenstein, M. Langer and U. Fischer, J. Chromatogr., 1997, 760, 295.
8. E. Ruiz, M. I. Santillana, M. De Alba, M. T. Nieto and S. Garcia-Castellano, J. Liq. Chromatogr., 1994, 17, 447.
9. J. M. Lin and T. Hobo, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1996, 323, 69.
10. Y. L. Huang, J. M. Kim and R. D. Schmid, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1992, 266, 317.
11. F. Meixner and W. Jaeschke, Fresenius' Z. Anal. Chem., 1984, 317, 343.
12. K. Takeuchi and T. Ibusuki, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1985, 174, 359.
13. M. Yamada, T. Nakada and S. Suzuki, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1983, 147, 401.
14. S. A. Al-Tamrah, A. Townshend and A. R. Wheatley, Analyst, 1987, 112, 883.
15. J. L. Burguera and M. Burguera, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1988, 214, 429.
16. M. Kato, M. Yamada and S. Suzuki, Anal. Chem., 1984, 56, 2529.
17. D. A. Paulls and A. Townshend, Analyst, 1996, 121, 831.
18. I. I. Koukli, E. G. Sarantonis and A. C. Calokerinos, Analyst, 1988, 113, 603.
19. A. B. Syropoulos, E. G. Sarantonis and A. C. Calokerinos, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1990, 239, 195.
20. I. M. Psarellis, E. G. Sarantonis and A. C. Calokerinos, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1993, 272, 265.
21. H. L. J. Backstrom, Z. Phys. Chem., 1934, B25, 122.
22. G. C. Mishra and R. D. Srivastava, Chem. Eng. Sci., 1975, 30, 1387.
23. N. N. Semenov, Some Problems in Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1985, Vol. I.
24. W. A. Waters, The Chemistry of Free Radicals, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1946.
25. F. X. Meiner and W. A. Jaeschke, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 1981, 10, 51.
26. J. Stauff and W. A. Jaeschke, Naturforschung B., 1978, 33B, 293.
27. R. W. B. Pearse and A. G. Gaydon, The Identification of Molecular Spectra, Chapman and Hall, London, 4th edn., 1976, pp. 297–298.
28. A. Juris, V. Balzani, F. Barigelletti, S. Campagna, P. Belser and A. Ven Zelewsky, Coord. Chem. Rev., 1988, 84, 85.
29. H. S. White and A. J. Bard, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1982, 104, 6891.
30. I. Rubinstein and A. J. Bard, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 512.
31. I. Rubinstein, C. R. Martin and A. J. Bard, Anal. Chem., 1983, 55, 1580.
32. A. W. Knight and G. M. Greenway, Analyst, 1995, 120, 2543.
33. A. W. Knight and G. M. Greenway, Analyst, 1996, 121, 101R.
34. S. N. Brune and D. R. Bobbitt, Talanta, 1991, 38, 419.
35. Z. K. He, X. L. Liu, Q. Y. Luo, X. M. Yu and Y. E. Zeng, Anal. Sci., 1995, 11, 415.
36. Z. K. He, H. Gao, L. J. Yuan, Q. Y. Luo and Y. E. Zeng, Analyst, 1997, 122, 1343.
37. Z. K. He, R. M. Ma, Q. Y. Luo, X. M. Yu and Y. E. Zeng, Acta Chim. Sin., 1996, 54, 1003.
38. T. Korenaga, Thesis, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 1996, pp. 53–54.
39. S. W. Snyder, S. L. Buell and J. N. Demas, J. Phys. Chem., 1989, 93, 5265.
40. S. W. Snyder, J. N. Demas and B. A. Degraff, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1988, 145, 434.
41. Z. K. He, L. J. Yuan, R. M. Ma, Q. Y. Luo, X. M. Yu and Y. E. Zeng, J. Wuhan Univ. (Nat. Sci. Ed.), 1997, 43, 191.
42. X. Chen and M. Sato, Anal. Sci., 1995, 11, 749.