Carbon–carbon bond forming reactions mediated by cerium(IV) reagents

(Note: The full text of this document is currently only available in the PDF Version )

Vijay Nair, Jessy Mathew and Jaya Prabhakaran


Abstract

Organic synthesis using carbon centred radicals generated by one electron oxidants is of current interest. Although Mn(OAc)3 has received the most attention, it appears that cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) would be a very useful reagent for the generation of radicals. The recent application of CAN in the construction of C–C bonds are highlighted in this review. CAN has been shown to mediate the facile oxidative addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to activated and unactivated alkenes leading to dihydrofurans and furanones. In most cases the reactions occur under milder conditions and the yields are superior when compared to Mn(OAc)3 mediated reactions. The results available thus far suggest that CAN offers cast potential in radical mediated organic synthesis.


References

  1. (a) For reviews see: B. Giese in Radicals in Organic Synthesis: Formation of Carbon–Carbon Bonds, Pergamon, Oxford, 1986; Search PubMed; D. H. R. Barton, Aldrichm. Acta, 1990, 23, 3 Search PubMed; (b) D. P. Curran, in Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, ed. B. M. Trost and I. Fleming, Pergamon, New York, 1991, vol. 4, p. 715; Search PubMed; (c) A. L. J. Beckwith, Chem. Soc. Rev., 1993, 143 Search PubMed; (d) P. I. Dalko, Tetrahedron, 1995, 51, 7579 Search PubMed.
  2. G. Stork and P. M. Sher, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 6765 Search PubMed , and references therein..
  3. M. Julia, Pure Appl. Chem., 1974, 40, 553 Search PubMed.
  4. A. L. J. Beckwith, Tetrahedron, 1981, 37, 3073 Search PubMed , and references therein..
  5. C. Chatgilialoglu, K. U. Ingold and J. C. Scaiano, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 7739 Search PubMed , and references therein..
  6. G. Pattenden, A. J. Smithies, D. Tapolczy and D. S. Walter, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1996, 7 Search PubMed and references therein..
  7. L. Becking and H. J. Schafer, Tetrahedron Lett., 1988, 29, 280 Search PubMed.
  8. D. O. Cowan and R. L. Drisko, in Elements of Photochemistry, Plenum. New York, 1976. Search PubMed.
  9. W. J. De Klein, in Organic Synthesis by Oxidation with Metal Compounds, ed. W. J. Mijs and C. R. H. de Jonge, Plenum, New York, 1986, p. 261. Search PubMed.
  10. B. B. Snider, Chem. Rev., 1996, 96, 339 Search PubMed and references cited therein..
  11. E. I. Heiba and R. M. Dessau, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1972, 94, 2888 Search PubMed.
  12. E. I. Heiba, R. M. Dessau and P. G. Rodewald, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1974, 96, 7977 Search PubMed.
  13. M. E. Kurz and P. Ngoviwatchai, J. Org. Chem., 1981, 46, 4672 Search PubMed.
  14. M. E. Kurz, V. Baru and P. N. Nguyen, J. Org. Chem., 1984, 49, 1603 Search PubMed.
  15. E. Baciocchi, R. Ruzziconi and D. D. Aira, Tetrahedron Lett., 1986, 27, 2763 Search PubMed.
  16. (a) E. Baciocchi and R. Ruzziconi, J. Org. Chem., 1986, 51, 1645 Search PubMed; (b) E. Baciocchi and R. Ruzziconi, Gazz. Chim. Ital., 1986, 116, 671 Search PubMed.
  17. A. B. Paolobelli, P. Ceccherelli, F. Pizzo and R. Ruzziconi, J. Org. Chem., 1995, 60, 4954 Search PubMed.
  18. E. Baciocchi and R. Ruzziconi, Synth. Commun., 1988, 18, 1841 Search PubMed.
  19. E. Baciocchi, A. Casu and R. Ruzziconi, Synlett, 1990, 679 Search PubMed.
  20. A. B. Paolobelli, D. Latini and R. Ruzziconi, Tetrahedron Lett., 1993, 34, 721 Search PubMed.
  21. A. B. Paolobelli, F. Gioacchini and R. Ruzziconi, Tetrahedron Lett., 1993, 34, 6333 Search PubMed.
  22. J. R. Hwu, C. N. Chen and S. S. Shiao, J. Org. Chem., 1995, 60, 856 Search PubMed.
  23. K. Narasaka, T. Okauchi, K. Tanaka and M. Murakami, Chem. Lett., 1992, 2099 Search PubMed.
  24. N. Arai and K. Narasaka, Chem. Lett., 1995, 987 Search PubMed.
  25. V. Nair and J. Mathew, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1995, 187 Search PubMed.
  26. J. lqbal, B. Bhatia and N. K. Nayyar, Tetrahedron, 1991, 47, 6457 Search PubMed.
  27. V. Nair, J. Mathew and K. V. Radhakrishnan, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1996, 1487 Search PubMed.
  28. V. Nair, J. Mathew and S. Alexander, Synth. Commun., 1995, 25, 3981 Search PubMed.
  29. V. Nair and J. Mathew, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1995, 1881 Search PubMed.
  30. E. Baciocchi, B. Giese, H. Farshchi and R. Ruzziconi, J. Org. Chem., 1990, 55, 5688 Search PubMed.
  31. V. Nair and J. Mathew, unpublished results..
  32. R. Haller, R. Kohlmorgen and W. Hansel, Tetrahedron Lett., 1973, 15, 1205 Search PubMed.
  33. B. B. Snider and T. Kwon, J. Org. Chem., 1992, 57, 2399 Search PubMed.
  34. E. Baciocchi, R. Ruzziconi and A. B. Palolobelli, Tetrahedron, 1992, 48, 4617 Search PubMed.
  35. A. Citterio, R. Sebastiano and M. C. Carvayal, J. Org. Chem., 1991, 56, 5335 Search PubMed.