Solubilities and Gibbs energies of transfer of asymmetrical quaternary and non-quaternary ammonium salts in water and non-aqueous solvents at 298.15 K

Abstract

The solubilities of benzyltriethyl-, benzyltrimethyl-, benzyldimethyl-, benzylmethyl-, and benzylammonium tetraphenylborates in water, ethane-1,2-diol, propane-1,2-diol, propane-1,3-diol, formamide, N-methylformamide, and N,N-dimethylformamide and aqueous ethane-1,2-diol mixtures have been determined at 298.15 K. The standard molar Gibbs energies of solution and of transfer from water to the solvents were calculated, and the values for the cations were estimated according to the tetraphenlarsonium tetrphenylborate (TATB) assumption. The main reason for the differences between the salts and solvents is the bulkiness of the former and the structured nature of the latter, with hydrogen bonding playing only a minor role except for the transfer of the cation alone.