Medium effects in action, visualized by the crystal structures of open and closed forms of a molecular receptor
Abstract
The water-soluble macrobicyclic cyclophane molecule 16– has been crystallized in two very different shapes that display the operation of medium, especially hydrophobic effects: an inflated cage structure building up cylinders disposed in an hexagonal array; a flattened structure stacked in molecular layers separated by aqueous layers in a lamellar arrangement.