Osmosis and reverse osmosis. Part 1.—The frictional coefficients in a general transport equation

Abstract

Whilst according to Nernst's theory the frictional forces between the dissolved particles and the solvent are taken into account, in thermodynamics of irreversible processes frequently the interactions between the different particles themselves are considered. Searching, however, for universal coefficients, which control the electric potential as well as the osmotic transport effects, one must use a simplified model. The theory of viscosity is helpful in elucidating this.