The carbenes (4, R = aryl)(or related carbenoids) undergo competitive rearrangement to allenes (2) and insertion into a C–H bond 3,4-related to the carbene centre to produce (3); the product ratio can be correlated with substituent σ-constants, leading to a ρ-value of –0·50 ± 0·01 for the insertion.
M. S. Baird, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1979, 776 DOI: 10.1039/C39790000776
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