Positive piezoresistive behavior of electrically conductive alkyl-functionalized graphene/polydimethylsilicone nanocomposites

Abstract

Piezoresistive nanocomposites using alkyl-functionalized graphene (G-ODA) as a conducting filler and polydimethylsilicone (PDMS) as the polymer matrix were prepared and their piezoresistivity behavior was investigated. One-pot synthesis of G-ODA from graphite oxide and octadecylamine improved its dispersion in nonpolar xylene and PDMS with low surface free energy. Results show that the graphene nanosheets were homogeneously dispersed in the PDMS matrix and an ultra-low percolation threshold (0.63 vol%) of the composites was obtained. The G-ODA/PDMS composites with 1.19 vol% content of G-ODA show a remarkable positive piezoresistivity of high sensitivity (R/R₀ > 400 under the pressure of 1.2 MPa), excellent repeatability, small hysteresis, and long-term durability. Under uniaxial compression, the resistance of the composites exponentially increased with the pressure. The resistance–pressure curves remain nearly unchanged after 1000 loading–unloading cycles. The results suggest that the G-ODA/PDMS nanocomposites provide a new route toward fabrication of soft piezoresistive sensors with high performance.