Fluorescent PEI@Pd nanoclusters: facile synthesis and application

Abstract

Metal nanoclusters (NCs) have recently emerged as a novel class of luminescent nanomaterials and held significant potential in analytical chemistry. In this work, novel polyethyleneimine stabilized palladium nanoclusters (PEI–Pd NCs) were synthesized by chemical reduction at 60 °C for 6 h, and used as a fluorescent nanosensor for the detection of oxytetracycline (OTC). The spectral characteristics, surface structure and morphology of the Pd NCs were studied. The selectivity and stability of the nanosensor were also investigated. The experimental results showed that the Pd NCs had good biocompatibility, stability and photobleaching resistance in aqueous solution. The fluorescence quenching effect showed a good linear relationship with the degree of fluorescence quenching of Pd NCs and OTC in the range of 25–440 nM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. The limit of detection (LOD) of the proposed nanosensor for OTC was calculated to be 22 nM. The mechanism of determination was thought to be an inner filter effect (IFE) between OTC and Pd NCs. Based on this, we have established a new nanosensing analysis method for detecting OTC.