CoFe2O4/Cu(OH)2 magnetic nanocomposite: an efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for one-pot synthesis of β-hydroxy-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles from epoxides

Abstract

A magnetically separable CoFe₂O₄/Cu(OH)₂ nanocomposite was prepared and characterized by various techniques such as FESEM, EDS, TEM, XRD, VSM and FT-IR. This novel composite was used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the regioselective synthesis of β-hydroxy-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles from sodium azide, terminal alkynes and structurally different epoxides in water at 60 °C. The formation of the product proceeds in one pot through a mechanism that involves an in situ generated organic azide intermediate, followed by rapid ring closure with the alkyne component. The simple procedure, short reaction times, perfect regioselectivity, high product yields, and use of a benign solvent and nontoxic catalyst are among the considerable advantages of this protocol. Furthermore, the catalyst was easily separated using an external magnet and reused several times without any significant loss of catalytic activity or magnetic properties.