*
Corresponding authors
a
Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
E-mail:
takahara@cstf.kyushu-u.ac.jp
b
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11974-2275, USA
E-mail:
tadanori.koga@stonybrook.edu
c
Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Fax: +81-92-802-2518
Tel: +81-92-802-2517
d
Japan Science and Technology Agency, ERATO Takahara Soft Interfaces Project, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Fax: +81-92-802-2544
Tel: +81-92-802-2543
e
National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
f
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
g
Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11974-3400, USA
h
International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan