Geminal and vicinal 13C–13C coupling constants in carboxylic acid derivatives
Abstract
Geminal 13C–13C coupling constants in αβ-unsaturated azlactones and the acids and esters derived from their hydrolysis are large and strongly dependent on configuration. Coupling constants in simple 13C1-labelled carboxylic acids are also reported; vicinal couplings show a strong geometric dependence but the geminal couplings depend mainly on hybridisation.