Si nanotubes and nanospheres with two-dimensional polycrystalline walls

Abstract

We report on the characteristics of a new class of Si-based nanotubes and spherical nanoparticles synthesized by the dc-arc plasma method in a mixture of argon and hydrogen. These two nanostructures share common properties: they are hollow and possess very thin, highly polycrystalline and mainly oxidized walls. In particular, we get several hints indicating that their walls could constitute only one single Si oxidized layer. Moreover, we find that only the less oxidized nanotubes exhibit locally atomic ordered, snakeskin-like areas which possess a hexagonal arrangement which can be interpreted either as an sp² or sp³ hybridized Si or Si–H layer. Their ability to not react with oxygen seems to suggest the presence of sp² configuration or the formation of silicon–hydrogen bonding.