Performance evaluation of a newly designed DC microplasma for direct organic compound detection through molecular emission spectrometry

Abstract

A low-power, portable dc microplasma source has been developed for use in molecular emission spectrometry. The device employs a 450 nL plasma chamber in which an atmospheric pressure dc glow discharge is generated with argon gas. The discharge ignites spontaneously when the system is operated at dc input power of 0.95–6.5 W and gas flows of 100–2500 mL min⁻¹. Two sample introduction modes are used to enable direct analysis of gaseous and liquid samples. The detection of volatile organic compounds was achievable via the emissions from CN at 387.15 nm, CH at 431.41 nm and C₂ at 516.53 nm. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) down to ppb (v/v) level can be achieved. These detection limits are competitive to or better than those of other microfabricated plasma devices. More importantly, the effect of organic compound structure on emission response is systematically studied. It was found for the first time that the ratio of C₂/CH emission is closely associated with the ratio of hydrogen to carbon atoms (H/C) in a molecule, which might be potentially used for direct semi-qualitative analysis of organics. The dc microplasma detector possesses the advantages of simple construction, high sensitivity, low power consumption, long lifetime, and potential for portability in mass reduction and instrumentation.