Issue 12, 2016

Chemical profile and cellular antioxidant activity of artichoke by-products

Abstract

Artichoke by-products, produced from agricultural procedures and the processing industry, represent a huge amount of discarded material. In this research, the main artichoke by-products, bracts and leaves, were characterized in terms of their bioactive constituents (phenolic compounds and inulin) and cellular antioxidant potential to estimate their nutraceutical potential. The ultrahigh-performance-ultraviolet detection-high resolution mass spectroscopy (UHPLC-UV-HRMS) profiles of both by-products show that 5-caffeoylquinic acid and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid are the most abundant bioactive compounds, and the content of flavone glycosides can be used to discriminate between bracts and leaves. Artichoke by-products contain a remarkable overall phenolic content (0.5–1.7 g per 100 g dry matter), whereas they differ widely in the amounts of inulin with higher levels in bracts (3.8–8.2 g per 100 g dry matter). The cellular antioxidant activities of bract and leaf extracts (half maximal effective concentration (EC50) = 26.6–124.1 mg L−1) are better than or similar to that of a commercial leaf extract, and are related to the dicaffeoylquinic acid levels, particularly to 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. These results reveal that artichoke by-products are a promising and cheap source of bioactive compounds. Bracts could be used as a source of inulin and caffeoylquinic acids for the production of food additives and nutraceuticals and also as an alternative to the traditional application of leaf extracts.

Graphical abstract: Chemical profile and cellular antioxidant activity of artichoke by-products

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
30 Sep 2016
Accepted
25 Oct 2016
First published
26 Oct 2016

Food Funct., 2016,7, 4841-4850

Chemical profile and cellular antioxidant activity of artichoke by-products

I. Pagano, A. L. Piccinelli, R. Celano, L. Campone, P. Gazzerro, E. De Falco and L. Rastrelli, Food Funct., 2016, 7, 4841 DOI: 10.1039/C6FO01443G

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