Lanthanide nano-drums: a new class of molecular nanoparticles for potential biomedical applications

Richard A. Jones; Annie J. Gnanam; Jonathan F. Arambula; Jessica N. Jones; Jagannath Swaminathan; Xiaoping Yang; Desmond Schipper; Justin W. Hall; Lauren J. DePue; Yakhya Dieye; Jamuna Vadivelu; Don J. Chandler; Edward M. Marcotte; Jonathan L. Sessler; Lauren I. R. Ehrlich; Katherine A. Brown

doi:10.1039/C4FD00117F

Lanthanide nano-drums: a new class of molecular nanoparticles for potential biomedical applications†

Richard A. Jones,*^a Annie J. Gnanam,^a Jonathan F. Arambula,^a Jessica N. Jones,^bc Jagannath Swaminathan,^cd Xiaoping Yang,^ae Desmond Schipper,^a Justin W. Hall,^a Lauren J. DePue,^a Yakhya Dieye,^f Jamuna Vadivelu,^f Don J. Chandler,^g Edward M. Marcotte,^bcd Jonathan L. Sessler,^a Lauren I. R. Ehrlich^bc and Katherine A. Brown^ah

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* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St. Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
E-mail: rajones@cm.utexas.edu
Tel: +1 512 471 1706

^b Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA

^c Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA

^d Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA

^e College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China

^f Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia

^g Luminex, Austin, Texas, USA

^h Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK

Abstract

We are developing a new class of lanthanide-based self-assembling molecular nanoparticles as potential reporter molecules for imaging, and as multi-functional nanoprobes or nanosensors in diagnostic systems. These lanthanide “nano-drums” are homogeneous 4d–4f clusters approximately 25 to 30 Å in diameter that can emit from the visible to near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. Here, we present syntheses, crystal structures, photophysical properties, and comparative cytotoxicity data for six nano-drums containing either Eu, Tb, Lu, Er, Yb or Ho. Imaging capabilities of these nano-drums are demonstrated using epifluorescence, total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF), and two-photon microscopy. We discuss how these molecular nanoparticles can to be adapted for a range of assays, particularly by taking advantage of functionalization strategies with chemical moieties to enable conjugation to protein or nucleic acids.

This article is part of the themed collection: Physical Chemistry of Functionalised Biomedical Nanoparticles

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Lanthanide nano-drums: a new class of molecular nanoparticles for potential biomedical applications†

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