Probing the effect of P-doping in polymeric carbon nitride on CO2 photocatalytic reduction

Abstract

Developing highly efficient photocatalysts is of crucial importance to solve the energy crisis and global warming issues. In this work, a P-doped polymeric carbon nitride (CN) photocatalyst was synthesized by one-step copolymerization of guanidine hydrochloride and phosphonitrilic chloride trimer. The doping of P in CN was found to alter the electronic structure, enhance the charge separation and transfer, and promote the CO₂ adsorption and activation, making it an efficient CO₂ photoreduction catalyst. At the optimized P dose, the CO evolution amount on P-doped CN reached 0.349 μmol (30 mg, 3 h), which was 3.5 times that of pure CN. The process of CO₂ photoreduction on P-doped CN was investigated by in situ FTIR analysis, revealing that P doping could promote the formation of a CO₂⁻ intermediate. A possible mechanism has been proposed, which may provide new insights into the effect of non-metal element doping in CN on its CO₂ photocatalytic reduction performance.