Structure–property relationships in protic ionic liquids: a thermochemical study

Abstract

How does cation functionality influence the strength of intermolecular interactions in protic ionic liquids (PILs)? Quantifying the energetics of PILs can be an invaluable tool to answer this fundamental question. With this in view, we have determined the standard molar enthalpy of vaporization, , and the standard molar enthalpy of formation, , of three tertiary ammonium acetate PILs with varying cation functionality, and of their corresponding precursor amines, through a combination of Calvet-drop microcalorimetry, solution calorimetry, and ab initio calculations. The obtained results suggest that these PILs vaporize as their neutral acid and base precursors. We also found a strong correlation between of the PILs and of their corresponding amines. This suggests that, within this series of PILs, the influence of cation modification on their cohesive energies follows a group additivity rule. Finally, no correlation between the of PILs and the extent of proton transfer, as estimated from the difference in aqueous pK_a between the precursor acid and the conjugate acid of the precursor base, was observed.