In situ synthesis of Ni(OH)2 nanobelt modified electroactive poly(vinylidene fluoride) thin films: remarkable improvement in dielectric properties

Abstract

A facile and low cost synthesis of Ni(OH)₂ nanobelt (NB) modified electroactive poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) thin films with excellent dielectric properties has been reported via in situ formation of Ni(OH)₂ NBs in the PVDF matrix. The formation and morphology of the NBs are confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy respectively. A remarkable improvement in electroactive β phase nucleation (∼82%) and the dielectric constant (ε ∼ 3.1 × 10⁶ at 20 Hz) has been observed in the nanocomposites (NCs). The interface between the NBs and the polymer matrix plays a crucial role in the enhancement of the electroactive β phase and the dielectric properties of thin films. Strong interaction via hydrogen bonds between Ni(OH)₂ NBs and the PVDF matrix is the main reason for enhancement in β phase crystallization and improved dielectric properties. The NC thin films can be utilized for potential applications as high energy storage devices like supercapacitors, solid electrolyte batteries, self-charging power cells, piezoelectric nanogenerators, and thin film transistors and sensors.