Determination of Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters from the excitation spectra for rare-earth doped luminescent materials

Abstract

By utilizing the proportional relationship between the excitation and absorption spectra for some special excited multiplets of rare-earth (RE) ions that are followed by a very fast nonradiative relaxation to the monitored level, we propose a new approach to determine the Judd–Ofelt (JO) intensity parameters that are crucial to the evaluation of laser and luminescent materials via excitation spectra. To validate this approach, the JO parameters of NaGd(WO₄)₂ : Er³⁺ and YLiF₄ : Nd³⁺ crystals are calculated and compared through both the excitation and absorption spectra. The JO parameters derived from this approach are in good agreement with that determined from the conventional method (absorption spectra). Furthermore, the JO intensity parameters of Y₂O₃ : Er³⁺ nanocrystals are derived from the excitation spectra by taking into account the nano-size effects, which are comparable to the values of the crystal counterpart. The proposed approach is of particular importance for those powders or nanophosphors with low RE doping concentration that their quantitative absorption spectra are difficult to measure.