A quinone electrode with reversible phase conversion for long-life rechargeable aqueous aluminum–metal batteries

Abstract

The exploration of high-performance cathode candidates is of great significance for aqueous aluminum–metal batteries (AAMBs). Here, we, for the first time, report tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (TCQ) as a superior organic AAMB cathode. Owing to its high reversible conversion between the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups, the TCQ cathode delivers a remarkable electrochemical performance.