Diethyl carbonate as a green extraction solvent for chlorophenol determination with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

Abstract

The principles of green analytical chemistry indicate that the search for greener organic solvents for extraction applications is crucial. In this study diethyl carbonate (DEC) is proved to be a green solvent, as it is relatively nontoxic, obtainable from renewable resources and biodegradable. Here it is applied as an extraction solvent for chlorophenol determination in water samples with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. The multiobjective optimization for 7 chlorophenols is done with the design of an experiment combined with Derringer's desirability function. The optimized parameters in the extraction step are 300 μL of DEC, 0.5 mL of methanol, 8 mL of water sample and 7.5% of inorganic salt addition. The values of LOQ are from 0.01 to 0.3 μg L⁻¹, and CVs are between 7.1 and 17.3% for 7 CPs. In this study DEC is proved to be a promising, green solvent, applicable in analytical extractions.