Issue 8, 2017

Digital de-waxing on FTIR images

Abstract

This paper presents a procedure that digitally neutralizes the contribution of paraffin to FTIR hyperspectral images. A brief mathematical derivation of the procedure is demonstrated and applied on one normal human colon sample to exemplify the de-waxing procedure. The proposed method includes construction of a paraffin model based on PCA, EMSC normalization and application of two techniques for spectral quality control. We discuss every step in which the researcher needs to take a subjective decision during the de-waxing procedure, and we explain how to make an adequate choice of parameters involved. Application of this procedure to 71 hyperspectral images collected from 55 human colon biopsies (20 normal, 17 ulcerative colitis, and 18 adenocarcinoma) showed that paraffin was appropriately neutralized, which made the de-waxed images adequate for analysis by pattern-recognition techniques such as k-means clustering or PCA-LDA.

Graphical abstract: Digital de-waxing on FTIR images

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
03 Sep 2016
Accepted
07 Dec 2016
First published
07 Dec 2016

Analyst, 2017,142, 1358-1370

Digital de-waxing on FTIR images

F. A. de Lima, C. Gobinet, G. Sockalingum, S. B. Garcia, M. Manfait, V. Untereiner, O. Piot and L. Bachmann, Analyst, 2017, 142, 1358 DOI: 10.1039/C6AN01975G

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