Beyond water: a mini review on hybrid electrolyte strategies for advanced aqueous aluminum batteries

Abstract

Aqueous aluminum metal batteries (AAMBs) are considered a highly promising technology for future sustainable energy storage due to their high theoretical capacity, low cost, and environmental compatibility. However, achieving highly reversible and fast reaction kinetics remains a critical challenge that limits their advancement. In this perspective article, we argue that water–organic hybrid electrolytes (WOHEs) possess distinct advantages in concurrently optimizing the performance of both the anode and cathode in AAMBs through modifying the solvation structure and/or suppressing water activity. Finally, we highlight the necessity of in-depth investigations into the regulatory mechanisms of WOHEs on the electrochemical behavior at the electrode/electrolyte interface, particularly the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the anode/cathode surface. Addressing these key aspects will facilitate the development and practical deployment of AAMBs.