Selective photocatalytic oxidative cleavage of terminal alkynes to carboxylic acids within a water-soluble Pd6 nanocage

Abstract

The selective oxidative cleavage of terminal alkynes to carboxylic acids under mild, environmentally benign conditions remains a major challenge in catalysis due to the diverse reaction profile of terminal alkynes. Herein, we report a cavity-mediated UV light-driven oxidation of terminal alkynes to the corresponding carboxylic acids in aqueous medium using a water-soluble Pd₆ nanocage. This transformation proceeds without the need for ozonolysis or precious metal oxide catalysts. Mechanistic investigations indicate that generation of hydroxyl radicals mediates the oxidative cleavage of terminal alkynes. Notably, we achieved a chemo-selective transformation of arylalkynes bearing methyl substituents, which are typically susceptible to oxidation under confinement. Furthermore, the recyclability of the cage in the catalysis was demonstrated over multiple cycles with the retention of catalytic activity. This work highlights the potential of selective photo-induced oxidative transformations of substrates using coordination cages in aqueous medium.