Pd@Ce metal organic framework for dual reduction of nitrophenols and chromium(vi)

Abstract

In view of the promising photocatalytic activities of Ce-based materials, herein a cerium terephthalate metal–organic framework (Ce–BDC) has been decorated with Pd NPs via a double-solvent method and the characteristic features established through PXRD, FTIR, FESEM, and BET surface area analysis. The excellent redox activity, electron transfer and unique photo-harvesting ability of the material highlighted it as an active member in the arena of photocatalyst materials. Interestingly these features were demonstrated through application in the degradation of environmental pollutants, such as potassium dichromate ions (Cr(VI)) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). In particular, its photo-responsive catalytic activity was evaluated in aqueous medium at room temperature for Cr(VI) and 4-NP removal. Pd@Ce–BDC achieved ∼94% reduction of 4-NP to 4-aminophenol within 10 min at room temperature (k = 0.13 min⁻¹), while ∼95% of Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) within 20 min under sunlight irradiation (k = 0.206 min⁻¹). These findings underscore its promise as a highly efficient photocatalyst for environmental remediation, where the interplay of framework design and redox-active centers governs performance.