Direct CO2-to-CO conversion with H2O on an In2O3 photocatalyst enabled by atomically precise Pd sites

Abstract

Via a MOF-templated strategy, we fabricated Pd single-atom-anchored In₂O₃ nanotubes with lattice-confined Pd–O–In coordination. This structure narrows the bandgap and boosts charge separation. In situ XPS and DFT calculations confirm Pd as CO₂ reduction sites and In as water oxidation sites, enabling highly selective CO₂ reduction with a 10-fold higher CO yield than pristine In₂O₃.