Threonine: a universal single-molecule bifunctional modifier for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells and modules

Qinxue Wang; Yu Wang; Chu Zhang; Jiaxing Song; Luping Lyu; Qingping Tang; Guoqing Li; Zaifang Li; Tingli Ma

doi:10.1039/D5CC06772C

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Threonine: a universal single-molecule bifunctional modifier for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells and modules

Qinxue Wang,

^a Yu Wang,

*^a Chu Zhang,

^a Jiaxing Song,

*^b Luping Lyu,

*^c Qingping Tang,^d Guoqing Li,^d Zaifang Li

^b and Tingli Ma

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a College of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, 258 Xue Yuan Street, Qiantang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
E-mail: wangyu19920924@cjlu.edu.cn

^b Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Tandem Photovoltaic Technology, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, PR China
E-mail: songjx@zjxu.edu.cn

^c Hangzhou Polytechnic University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
E-mail: mailofllp@126.com

^d Jiaxing Daze Photoenergy Co. Ltd, Xiuzhou District, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, PR China

^e Graduate School of life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan

Abstract

Threonine-modified SnO₂ enables perovskite solar cells with a PCE of 24.12% (0.06 cm²) and improved stability; 10 × 10 cm² rigid and flexible modules achieve efficiencies of 18.26% and 15.17%, respectively.

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Article information

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CC06772C
Article type: Communication
Submitted: 28 Nov 2025
Accepted: 08 Jan 2026
First published: 09 Jan 2026

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Chem. Commun., 2026,62, 4368-4371

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Threonine: a universal single-molecule bifunctional modifier for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells and modules

Q. Wang, Y. Wang, C. Zhang, J. Song, L. Lyu, Q. Tang, G. Li, Z. Li and T. Ma, Chem. Commun., 2026, 62, 4368 DOI: 10.1039/D5CC06772C

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Chemical Communications

Threonine: a universal single-molecule bifunctional modifier for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells and modules

Abstract

Supplementary files

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Threonine: a universal single-molecule bifunctional modifier for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells and modules

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