Green strategy for recycling spent all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries and kitchen waste using biomass-based vegetable-/fruit-derived solvents

Abstract

The widespread production of spent all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) has led to increased environmental pollution and resource waste. Consequently, it is urgent to develop a green strategy for the recovery of all-solid-state SIBs. Herein, we developed a novel green strategy to simultaneously recover spent all-solid-state SIBs and kitchen waste using biomass-based vegetable-/fruit-derived solvents (VFSs). VFSs are derived from the biomass of natural edible plants or kitchen waste. The V and Na leaching efficiency of green VFSs could reach 90.0% and 35.5%, respectively, at 80 °C and 24 h. This can be attributed to physical interactions. Anti-solvents are used to precipitate the dissolved metal from the leachate at room temperature. This study provides a green, inexpensive and mild strategy to simultaneously recycle several types of waste using VFSs.